Njengoba izimpi ziba zimbi kakhulu, izakhamuzi kanye nabanye abangamasosha baba amaphesenti amakhulu abantu abalimala, kanye nokulimala kwempahla okungahlosiwe.Amasosha, kunjalo, anethemba lokugwema lezi zinhlobo zokulimala nokubhujiswa.Ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile obuvumela ukunemba okwengeziwe ezikhalini zabo, futhi badinga amakhono angcono okukhomba nokukhomba, kuyilapho behlala befihlekile.Ubuchwepheshe bokukhomba obuthuthukisiwe obuvumela ukutholwa nokuhlonza ebangeni elide lokuma kusuka kubaklami nakho kuyadingeka.Isibonelo, ama-laser mahle kakhulu ekukhombeni okunembayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi abanye bakwazi ukuthwebula isigcawu ngokucashile.
Ukuze kubhekwane nalezi zinselelo zokukhomba, amasosha akhiphe ama-laser avumela ukuthi angagcini nje ngokuqoka impokophelo lapho izikhali kufanele zishaye khona, kodwa futhi asebenzise lawo ma-lasers afanayo ukukala ibanga eliya kulokho okuqondiwe, ukukhanyisa indawo ezungezile, noma ukukhomba abanye okuthile. enentshisekelo.Ukubona ngeso lengqondo lapho ama-laser ekhomba khona, ukulandelela okuqondiwe okunyakazayo, kanye nokunciphisa umonakalo oyisibambiso kudinga amasistimu wokucabanga abona ama-lasers asebenzayo asetshenziswa ensimini.Amakhamera we-Room-temperature indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) anikeza abasebenzisi leli khono ezimeni zasemini noma zasebusuku.
Izikhali eziningi eziqondiswa nge-laser ziqondiswa ama-laser anobude begagasi obungu-1.06 μm.Lawa ma-laser anamandla kakhulu futhi angasetshenziswa ukukhomba izinto eziqhele ngamamayela amaningi.Ibanga lilinganiselwe ngokuyinhloko ukuthi umsebenzisi angabona ngokunembe kangakanani lokho akuklamayo.Lokhu kuhlanganisa indawo ye-laser, okuqondiwe, kanye nezinto ezizungeze ithagethi.Njengamanje, amasistimu amaningi asebenzisa umtshina we-indium antimonide (InSb) ukuze afanekise indawo.Lawa masistimu e-InSb ancishisiwe ukuze avumele impendulo yehlele ku-1.0 μm laser wavelength, engaphansi kakhulu kobubanzi obujwayelekile bokuzwela be-InSb obuphakeme (phakathi kuka-3 no-5 μm).Lobo bubanzi busetshenziselwa ukusebenza kwawo okuyinhloko njengesitholi esishisayo se-IR esimaphakathi negagasi.
Amakhamera e-InSb avumela i-laser ye-infrared ukuthi ibonakale futhi ahlinzeka ngokuqwashisa ngesimo endaweni ye-laser ngenxa yokukhishwa okushisayo kwendawo yesehlakalo.Ububi balezi zinhlelo ukuthi umtshina udinga ukupholisa okubalulekile (kuze kufike ku-77K) futhi ukuzwela kwawo kumalaser angu-1.06-μm akulungile, ngenxa yama-70% nokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa legumbi.Inika amandla amabala e-laser wokuthwebula ebangeni elikhulu lokuma ngohlelo olulula kakhulu.
UMTHETHO1
Ama-Lasers awasetshenziswa kuphela ukuqondisa izikhali lapho ziqondiswe khona, kodwa futhi zinganikeza umlwi ngolwazi mayelana nethagethi nendawo ekuzungezile.Izitholi zobubanzi be-laser zivumela umsebenzisi ukuthi anqume ibanga eliya kulokho okuqondiwe.Lawa ma-laser manje asebenzisa i-wavelength elinganiselwa ku-1.5-μm.Lobu bude bamaza bubhekwa “njengokuvikela amehlo” ngenxa yokuthi amandla awagxili ku-retina yeso, namandla okubona adingekayo ukuze aphuphuthekise umuntu oshaywe i-laser aphakeme kakhulu.Lawa ma-laser awabonakali kumagogo okubona ebusuku (ama-NVG) kanye nasemehlweni, ngalokho awenza afihleke ngokufanelekile.Inzuzo ukuthi okuqondiwe abazi ukuthi bamakwa laser;okubi ukuthi i-warfighter nayo inenkinga yokwazi ukuthi iqondise kahle yini ekuhlosweni kwayo.Ngenxa yokuthi i-InGaAs izwela kakhulu kuma-laser avikela amehlo, amakhamera e-SWIR imaging InGaAs ayasetshenziswa ukuze amasosha angakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isistimu yawo yokukhomba isabonwa ngendlela efanele, noma ngabe isistimu iboshiwe ensimini.
Ilaser ejwayeleke kakhulu enkundleni yempi yileyo enamathiselwe kwisibhamu sesosha, futhi ngokuvamile isebenzisa ubude begagasi obuzungeze u-850 nm.Lesi sikhombi se-laser sisetshenziswa amasosha ukuze akhombane, kanye nokusiza ekuqondiseni izibhamu zawo ebusuku lapho egqoke ama-NVG.Lawa ma-laser awabonakali kubantu, kodwa abonakala ezibuko.Amalaser ezibhamu awaphephile emehlweni futhi ayabonakala kusetshenziswa ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zobuchwepheshe bomtshina, amadala namasha.Inkinga enkulu ukuthi ngenkathi i-warfighter idinga ama-NVG angcono kakhulu ukuze abone ngokuqhubekayo nangezikhathi ezimnyama phakathi nobusuku, isitha singakwazi ukubona kalula ama-lasers ngobuchwepheshe begogo obudala nobungabizi.Izithombe ze-InGaAs zinenzuzo ehlukile yokuthi zombili zifanelana emuva, njengoba zibona amalaser amadala asetshenziswa nama-NVGs, futhi ziyakwazi ukwenza isithombe "sokuphepha kwamehlo" kanye nezinhlelo ze-laser zesizukulwane esilandelayo.
Ikhamera eyodwa ye-SWIR eyakhelwe ngokukhethekile i-US Army's Soldier Mobility and Rifle Targeting System, Ikhamera ye-KTX ye-SUI ifaka ukuzwela okuphezulu ebangeni le-wavelength elingu-900 kuya ku-1700 nm futhi ingasetshenziswa emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yokucabanga enezinga eliphansi lokukhanya, okuhlanganisa ne-laser. ukutholwa.Ngomfanekiso obanzi oguquguqukayo wobubanzi ekukhanyeni kwenkanyezi okuyingxenye ukuze uqondise ukukhanya kwelanga, isithwebuli sesithombe se-SWIR silungele ukugadwa okuyimfihlo futhi singahlanganiswa kalula nama-UAV, izimoto zaphansi ezingenamuntu, noma ezinye izisetshenziswa zerobhothi noma eziphathwa ngesandla lapho usayizi nesisindo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Kumasistimu eimaging esizukulwane esilandelayo, ama-laser ngeke nje anqume ibanga lalokho okuqondiwe, okungukuthi izitholi zebanga le-laser, kodwa azovumela isithombe sebanga elide ngenkungu efihlile, inkungu, nothuli.I-LADAR nesithombe esinamasango ahlukene sisebenzisa i-laser ukukhanyisa okuqondiwe ebangeni elide.Leli banga elide lokuma livumela i-warfighter ukuthi ibone okuqondiwe ebangeni elide ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo zokukhanya ngisho nangenkungu nentuthu.
Amasistimu amaningi manje asathuthukiswayo asebenzisa ama-lasers angu-1.5-μm ngezizathu zokuphepha kwamehlo futhi ngenxa yokuthi abuye afihlekile kubuchwepheshe bamanje be-NVG, obusabalala ezandleni zezitha.Eziningi zalezi zinhlelo zesizukulwane esilandelayo ziyathuthukiswa ngohlelo lwezinga lokushisa legumbi le-InGaAs ukuze kongiwe isisindo, amandla, nosayizi kusistimu.Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuhlangana nezici ezizwela kakhulu zezitholi ze-InGaAs-SWIR, ezinikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe okunezimo eziphephile kumsebenzisi wokugcina kanye nababukele abangenacala.
Lesi sihloko sibhalwe uDkt. Martin H. Ettenberg, Umqondisi, Imikhiqizo Yomfanekiso, kanye no-Doug Malchow, Umphathi, Ukuthuthukiswa Kwebhizinisi Lezohwebo e-SUI (Sensors Unlimited, Inc.), ingxenye ye-Goodrich Corporation, Princeton, NJ.
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Isikhathi sokubuyekeza: Apr-01-2022
